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According to the "Three Definitions" of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the main responsibilities of the Department of Geological Exploration Management are to manage the national geological work and geological exploration industry, prepare geological exploration plans and supervise and check their implementation. It manages central-level geological exploration projects and organizes the implementation of major national geological and mineral exploration projects. Undertake the prevention and management of geological disasters, supervise and manage geological problems such as excessive groundwater mining and ground subsidence caused.
 

　　After the construction of ecological civilization has been elevated to a national strategy, how to guarantee the security of national energy resources under the most stringent ecological environmental protection environment? This is a realistic problem that the geological exploration industry must solve. China Natural Resources News interviewed Yu Haifeng, Director of Geological Exploration Management Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources, on this issue.
 

Foundation first, geological work needs to be strengthened urgently
 

Yu Haifeng said that to crack this difficult problem, the first thing is to strengthen geological work so that the fundamental and pioneering role of geological work can be given full play.

"This is not only the practical need to crack the problem, but also a summary of the experience of more than half a century of development in China." Yu Haifeng stressed.

Yu Haifeng said that since the founding of New China, geological work has been centered on geological mineral search while adapting to the needs of economic and social development, and the areas of basic support and pioneering services have been expanding. The discovery and exploitation of some large deposits have established China's major mineral resources development bases, and the development of oil and gas, metal minerals and non-metal mineral resources has provided sufficient "food" for China's economic development; with the continuous strengthening of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology, water search in arid areas, major engineering construction, urban With the continuous strengthening of hydrogeology, engineering geology and environmental geology, we have made important contributions to water search in arid areas, major engineering construction, urban construction, agricultural planting, geological disaster control, geological tourism and national defense construction.

The 19th Party Congress established Xi Jinping's thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and started a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all aspects. The new era also has more urgent requirements for the fundamental and pioneering role of geological work, and the task of geological work is more arduous, to make efforts in both securing national energy resources security and ecological civilization construction, that is, to continuously enhance the ability to guarantee national energy resources security under the ever-strengthening rigid constraints of ecological protection.

"To fully accomplish this task, the first thing is to strengthen geological work." Yu Haifeng detailed the ideas for strengthening geological work in the future.

In the type of geological work, first based on strengthening the basic geological survey work, to strengthen the geological survey of different scales of land and sea, to find out the type of rock and sediment composition, structure and structure, groundwater characteristics and distribution of a certain space on the surface and underground, to form a variety of scales of geological map; in the technical application of geological survey, to increase the gravity, magnetic, seismic and other geophysical surveys and geochemical survey; in expanding the service area of geological work, to carry out mineral resources survey, soil geochemical survey, groundwater survey, urban geological survey, geological disaster survey, major engineering stability survey and other professional surveys on the basis of basic geological survey, for geological prospecting, oil and gas, water, urban construction, active disaster prevention and mitigation, improvement of human living environment, and development of special agricultural services.

"To strengthen geological work, to solve the overall low degree of basic geological survey in China, important areas and important means of survey accuracy is not enough." Yu Haifeng said, according to these ideas, to adapt to the Party Central Committee's higher requirements for national energy resource security and ecological civilization construction, the Department of Geological Survey Management is planning the geological survey planning for the next period, clarifying key work areas and key tasks, coordinating central and local geological work arrangements, giving full play to the role of the national geological team, and supporting national energy resource security and ecological civilization construction with more and better results. The Department of Geological Survey Management is planning the geological survey plan for the coming period.

"Three adjustments and a march" to improve the security of national energy resources

"China's economy after decades of rapid development, energy resources consumption is increasing, oil and gas and bulk mineral domestic security is insufficient, the problem of high external dependence is still very prominent." Yu Haifeng said that the most effective way to solve this problem is still to strengthen mineral exploration work.

Yu Haifeng said that the Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to geological prospecting work. In recent years, the State Council issued the "Decision on Strengthening Geological Work" and launched the Strategic Action for Mineral Search Breakthrough (2011~2020), making deployments in terms of strengthening basic geological surveys, oil and gas and important mineral exploration, and saving and comprehensive utilization of resources, and putting forward specific mineral search targets for oil and gas and other important mineral species.

Since the implementation of the strategic action of mineral search breakthrough, the overall progress has been smooth, achieving a general increase in retained resource reserves despite the continuous increase in mining consumption, and achieving a series of exciting and significant results. 13 minerals such as coal, copper, bauxite, gold, lead and zinc, nickel, tungsten, graphite, titanium, fluorite and diatomaceous earth have completed the 10-year target ahead of schedule, 440 new large and 542 medium-sized major solid mineral The new pattern of mineral exploration and development has taken shape, laying a good foundation for improving the domestic energy and resource security capacity. Ability to lay a good foundation, but also to the Party Central Committee and State Council submitted an excellent answer sheet.

"At present, mineral exploration has encountered new problems." These problems mainly include imperfect laws and regulations, geological prospecting work area city and methods do not meet the requirements of ecological civilization construction, geological prospecting investment has been declining for years.

How to crack it? Yu Haifeng said, one is to improve the laws and regulations. In recent years, although the State Council has been successively introduced the mining rights grant system reform, equity gold system reform and other related documents, but the mineral resources law and three supporting regulations have not been systematically revised, some of the current provisions have obviously not adapted to the current reality, the urgent need for systematic revision and improvement.

Second, in the area of mineral exploration and methods, adhere to the "three adjustments and a march" principle of work. "Three adjustments" that is, adjust the key areas of overlap with the protected areas of mineral exploration; adjust the means of mineral exploration, green exploration, so that the impact of mineral exploration on the environment to a minimum; adjust the main types of minerals, in addition to strengthening the exploration of oil and gas and bulk mineral exploration, more attention to the exploration of resources required by emerging industries. "A march" that is, to the deep part of the earth, give full play to the leading role of deep exploration of theoretical, technical, methodological and equipment, in existing mines and mine collection areas to carry out deep-searching, new proven reserves.

Third, the continuous improvement of laws and regulations, improve the business environment, and enhance the enthusiasm of social funds to find mines. Specific methods can give full play to the role of financial funds, choose the appropriate mechanism to carry out exploration in areas with high resource potential and higher risk, to drive and lead commercial mineral exploration.

Adhere to the people-oriented purpose and strengthen geological disaster prevention and control
 

China is one of the countries with the most serious sudden geological disasters in the world, and there are many hidden spots of geological disasters and great hazards. In recent years, geological disaster investigation and evaluation work has been deepened gradually, geological disaster monitoring and early warning system has been improved gradually, the management and relocation and avoidance of mega geological disaster projects have been strengthened, the technical support system for geological disaster prevention and control has been established initially, and the prevention and control work has achieved obvious results. However, there are also outstanding problems such as the obvious lack of accuracy of geological disaster survey and evaluation, the professional level of group survey and prevention needs to be improved, the research of geological disaster formation law, the early identification of hidden danger and accurate early warning forecast is not enough.

"General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech this year on enhancing China's natural disaster defense capabilities and the many instructions from central leaders have put forward clear requirements for the prevention and control of geological disasters. Minister Lu Hao pointed out that ground disaster prevention and control is the Ministry of Natural Resources responsibilities directly related to the safety of people's lives and property, to make every effort to do a good job." Yu Haifeng said that in the coming period, geological disaster prevention and control work is in accordance with the requirements of the central government and the party group of the Ministry, focusing on the following aspects.

The implementation of a number of major projects as a grip, focus on improving the accuracy of geological disaster potential investigation and evaluation, and enhance the monitoring and early warning forecasting capabilities and evacuation and avoidance capabilities in the face of disasters. On the basis of improving the ability of group survey and prevention, further strengthen the scientific and technological support in air and space signal acquisition, sensor accuracy, information integration, early warning and forecasting, and product industrialization to provide timely and effective services for command and decision-making. Increase the spatial planning and control of the country, implement the management of major geological disaster potential projects and evacuation and relocation of migrants, and strengthen ecological protection and restoration.
*** Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) ***

Strengthen the supervision of services to promote the development of geological exploration industry

"This institutional reform, the Party Central Committee and the State Council in the Ministry of Natural Resources responsibilities clearly in the geological exploration industry management responsibilities. I understand that this shows that the Party Central Committee and State Council attaches great importance to the geological exploration industry." Yu Haifeng said that in the context of the reform of national institutions, the development of the geological exploration industry is still facing some problems. "To put the Party Central Committee and State Council's attention and concern for the geological exploration industry into practice, our thinking is to strengthen services and supervision."

In terms of strengthening services mainly do two aspects: First, through policy-oriented, constantly expand the field and scale of geological work, to create space for the development of geological exploration units. The newly formed natural resources management department has taken on more responsibilities, and geological work related to geological survey work, mineral exploration work, urban geology, agricultural geology, geological disaster investigation and engineering management, mining environment restoration and management, ecological restoration projects, etc., can choose geological exploration units with strong professional capabilities and good performance reputation; secondly, we urge natural resources management departments at all levels to implement the Party Central Committee and the State Council The second is to urge the natural resources management departments at all levels to implement the relevant policies of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on the reform of institutions, more support for the development of geological exploration units, and grasp the major issues involved in the reform of institutions such as the identity of personnel, assets, management system, talent training.

In terms of strengthening supervision, we should address the reality that after the cancellation of geological exploration qualification approval, the enthusiasm of social enterprises serving in the field of geological exploration has increased significantly, but there are also problems such as irregular competition and uneven quality of results, etc. In accordance with the requirements of the State Council on the cancellation of geological exploration qualification approval and strengthening supervision afterwards, we should focus on three aspects of work: first, maintaining order, exploring the establishment of a public platform for geological exploration information, and The second is to improve quality, develop standards and norms, promote green exploration, cultivate industry culture and skills, and improve the quality of industry development; the third is to expand space, play the role of social groups, establish an international production capacity platform, promote the geological exploration industry to go out and expand development space in the international market.